Age Related Macular Degeneration

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It  is  a  disease  condition  characterized  by  progressive  macular  changes  that  are  associated  with  increase in age. 

Clinical Presentation 

  • Drusens around macula area (yellowish excrescence in the retina)
  • Affects elderly over 60 years
  • Poor central vision, later can lead to blindness

Investigations 

  • Visual Acuity
  • Refraction
  • Tonometry
  • Fundoscopy through a well-dilated pupil
  • Fundus photography
  • Optical Coherence Tomography and or
  • Fluorescein angiography

Pharmacological Treatment 

  • This depends on clinical presentation.
  • Intravitreal injection in the affected eye

S: bevacizumab 1.25mg per 0.05ml stat

OR

S: ranibizumab 0.5mg per 0.05ml stat.

Give Antioxidant in non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy 

C:  multivitamin  +  Beta-carotenoids,  Zinc  Sulfate  and  Lutein,  1  tablet  once  daily  to  a maximum of 3 months 

Surgical Treatment 

Type of surgery depends on the presentation/ stage of the disease. 

Referral:  Refer  patients  with  Age  Related  Macular  Degeneration  to  Vitreo-retinal  Surgeons  for  proper management