HIV related Oral and Oesophageal Candidiasis (Thrush)

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Refer to chapter on Common Oral Conditions 

Candida infections are commonly encountered in patients with HIV infection. Oral thrush may precede AIDS but is a sign of waning immunity that signals the development of AIDS. Oesophageal thrush is an indicator of more severe cellular immunodeficiency.

CAUTION: Neither of the conditions occur exclusively in patients with HIV infection. For example, oral thrush may follow treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics or steroids or be associated with any other debilitating disease.