Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

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Description

Pelvic inflammatory disease is a condition involving the pelvic organs i.e. cervix (cervicitis), uterus (endometritis), salpinx (salpingitis) and ovaries (oophoritis).

Risk factors include sexual intercourse, induced abortion, dilatation and curettage or endometrial biopsy, intra-uterine device (IUD) insertion or use, hysterosalpingosramy, laparoscopy, radium insertion into the endometrial cavity.

Signs and Symptoms

• Lower abdominal pain, Copious purulent vaginal discharge may be present or absent, High-grade fever is an indicator for admission
• Nausea, Vomiting
• Painful sexual intercourse (dyspareunia)
• Occasional diarrhoea
• Lower abdominal tenderness with rebound is an indicator for admission
• Adnexia tenderness
• Cervical excitation

Complications

• Peritonitis, Tuba-ovarian abscess, Hydrosalpinx, Ectopic Pregnancy, Chronic Pelvic Pain, Infertility, Mortality
• Indications for immediate referral to gynaecology or surgery
• Missed/overdue period, recent delivery or abortion, abdominal guarding or rebound tenderness
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding, abdominal mass, temperature above 38 degrees Celsius