Corneal Ulcers

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Description

This is ulceration of the cornea commonly caused by either injuries or infections (Bacterial, Fungal, Viral)

Signs and Symptoms

• Red eye
• Severe pain
• Difficult to open eye in light (photophobia)
• Discharge, water or pus
• Disturbed vision
• Poor vision

Investigations

• Snellen testing - a white spot of the eye may be seen
• On retinoscopy – irregular light refraction
• Fluorescein staining of the cornea - the wound stains green
• Corneal swab for microscopy, culture and sensitivity

Treatment

• For all types of ulcers, prevent ocular pain with Atropine 1% once daily in the affected eye
• Infections: Bacteria corneal ulcers - use Tetracycline 1% eye ointment, or Chloramphenicol 1% eye ointment 3-4 times a day
• If not resolving within 2 weeks, then refer