Pellagra

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Is  a  disease  caused  by  deficiency  of  nicotinic  acid?  Cardinal  signs:  diarrhea,  dermatitis  (sites  exposed to sun) and dementia. 

Clinical presentation 

• Casal’s necklace; hyper-pigmented scaling involving the neck region
• Hyper-pigmented scaly lesions on sun exposed areas

Pharmacological Treatment 

Treat both adults and children 

A: vitamin B complex (PO) 12hourly for 2months  

C: nicotinamide (PO) 500mg 24hourly for 4weeks or until healing is complete;In children:  5mg/kg 24hourly for 4weeks or until healing is complete. 

Note: The diet should be rich in deficient nutrients i.e. protein (meat, groundnuts, and beans)