Mycetoma (Madura Foot)

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Mycetoma is a disease caused by certain types of bacteria and fungi found in soil and water.

Cause

  • Bacteria (actinomycetoma) or fungi (eumycetoma).

Signs and symptoms

  • Both appear as firm, painless masses under the skin foot but can form anywhere on the body.
  • Oozing sores, and cause the affected limb to become deformed or unusable

Complications

  • Long-term mycetoma can lead to muscle and bone damage.

Investigations

  • Macroscopic and microscopic examination of the grains discharged from sinuses
  • Biopsy
  • Ultrasound scan of the affected foot
  • Radiograph of the affected foot

Non-pharmacological treatment

  • Use of appropriate footwear

Pharmacological treatment

Treatment of Actinomycetoma (bacteria form)

Co-trimoxazole oral

480mg–960mg every 12 hours for 5 weeks

PLUS

Dapsone oral

Adults:

100 mg once a day for 4–6 months;

Child:

25–50 mg once a day for 5 weeks

Treatment of Eumycetoma (Fungi form)

Griseofulvin oral

10mg/kg daily as a single dose for 4 weeks or longer

Referral

  • In complicated cases refer for specialist care