Typhoid in Children

exp date isn't null, but text field is

Clinical Description

Bacterial disease caused by salmonella typhi and spread through contaminated food, water or close contact.

Clinical FeaturesSINGS AND SYMPTOMS       

  • Fever, skin rash (rose spots)
  • Abdominal pain
  • Cough
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea or constipation

INVESTIGATIONS

  • Full blood count
  • Blood culture
  • Urea, electrolytes and creatinine
  • Erect abdominal Xray if suspect bowel perforation

Treatment

PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT

  • Ciprofloxacin 10mg/kg PO 12 hourly for 14 days. If not tolerating orals give Ceftriaxone 50mg/kg IV 24 hourly. Change to ciprofloxacin once child can take orally to complete 14 days.

NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT

  • Surgical referral if bowel perforation is suspected or GIT bleeding
  • Ensure good hand hygiene and proper stool disposal
  • Maintain good nutrition
  • Counsel guardians on good sanitation and hygiene

Complications

  • Bowel perforation
  • GIT bleeding
  • Psychosis

REFERRAL CRITERIA

Suspected bowel perforation or GIT bleeding